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Rare earths include seventeen elements Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and have a beautiful name---industrial vitamins. Nowadays, rare earths have been becoming more and more indispensable elements with the development of new material. Rare earths have been considered the strategic elements of 21^st century in US, Japan and some other developed countries. And these countries have spent a great deal of human resource, material resource and capital on the R&D and industrialization of rare earths.

2)Rare earth in China

China is the most abundant country in rare earth in the world. China's reserves of rare earth is tremendous, furthermore, China¡'s rare earth has the properties of complete varieties, high quality and easy to be concentrated. China's country leaders also have showed great concern for the rare earth industry. China former leader, Deng Xiao-ping once pointed out Middle-east has oil, but China has rare earth¡­¡­the strategic position of rare earth is comparable with crude oil"±. China¡¯s president Jiang Ze-min has said "If saying coal and crude oil are the power resource of industrial age, semi-conductor and rare earths will be the important strategic resource of the coming information and green material age"  

China's rare earth resource can be sorted into three parts by the producing area, a) Inner Mongolia Beyunebo rare earth-Fe-Ni multi-metal intergrowth mine which reserves is no.1 in the world and the main constituents of which are light-middle rare earths, b) Liangshan rare earth mine, Sichuan province, which reserves is no.2 in the world and the constituents of which are similar to Baotou mine. The ore quality of the Liangshan rare earth mine is quite good, the size of the ore granule is coarse, the content of phosphorus is low and it¡¯s easy to be concentrated and smelted, c) Southern ion adsorption rare earth mine which is unique and only can be found in China, and is the best material to distill the middle and heavy rare earths from.

3)Rare earth in Sichuan province

Panxi area of Liangshan canton in Sichuan province contains abundant rare earth resources, and it is the unique known original producing area which is located in western China and the reserves of which is no.2 in China. It is rich in La, Ce, Pr and Nd. The ore quality is superior, and the ore is easy to be concentrated and smelted and can be used to produce high quality intermetallic rare earth alloy. So it is called ¡""the reserves is no.2, but the quality is no.1". Compared with Baotou rare earth mine in northern China, the constituents of the ore in Sichuan province are simple, and the content of harmful impurities is low. Furthermore, the water electricity resources of Sichuan province are abundant. So individual or mixed rare earth metal could be produced by electrolysis at relative low cost. Rare earth of Sichuan province has particular producing process and good prospect.

4)The combined mining-concentrating-smelting project in Liangshan, Sichuan province

To develop western area of China, especially minorities autonomy areas, China State Development Planning Committee gave supports to survey the rare earth resources in Sichuan province in 1995. At the same time, the combined mining-concentrating-smelting project in Liangshan, Sichuan province was approved to construct as an exception by the Committee (file [1998]2047, plan-forecast) in order to regulate and promote the rare earth industry of Sichuan province and to make the industry develop at a higher technical and managerial level and to create much more profit.

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